ECE R112 Regulation

The Technical Specifications for Headlamps

The vehicle headlamps focus on the light beam given out by the light source on the road. There are two different lighting concepts being used for headlamps.

These variations are on the basis of the technical light concept of lights on the road.

The technologies are:

Reflection technology
Projection technology

The reflection technology makes use of reflectors of large surfaces. These are present behind the pattern or clear-covered lens. In the case of projection technology, there is a characteristic lens with a small light exit.

Mainly there are four different headlamp systems available in the market:

FF-H4 Headlamps
Paraboloid headlamps
Super-DE Headlamps
Free-Form Headlamps

Table of Contents

1 General Provisions for Illumination

2 Modification of the Headlamps

3 Conformity for Production

4 Maintaining Headlamps with Plastic Cover

5 Tests on Complete Headlamps

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General Provisions for Illumination

Provision For Passing Beams

The working of the light beam should be such that it gives an appropriate light beam. The light should not dazzle out while giving out a passing beam. The illumination is good when it gives a driving beam.

With the help of the vertical screen, the level of illumination of a headlamp is determined. The placement of the screen should be at 25 m at the right angle to the axis.

The filament lamp with uncolored standards checks the working of headlamps. The voltage of the filament, in this case, is 12 V.

The filament voltage has to be regulated while checking the headlamps. The acceptance of the headlamp is considered when it meets all the requirements. It has to have at least a single standards filament lamp.

For satisfactory performance, the passing beam should have a sharp cut in a beam.

The cut off in this case has to be appropriate direction, preferably horizontal side. This way it will be on the opposite side of the traffic directly from the opposite side. Also, it is then in the right direction of the light of the vehicle.

In other words, the aim of the headlamp should be:

For the right-hand traffic, the cut-off should be on the left hand of the screen, horizontal side.

And in the case of left-hand traffic, it has to be on the right-hand screen side, again horizontal direction. The horizontal part of the screen is present on the 25 cm.

With this specification, the headlight meets the requirements of the passing beam. In case otherwise, amendments need to be made to the configuration of headlights.

Provision for Driving Beams

For headlights for the driving beam, the specifications have to be designed. For a driving beam, the light sources have to be sufficient.

It is also possible to use different sources for the driving beam. The required photometric requirements have to be met for headlamps.

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Modification of the Headlamps

Any modification of the headlamps has to be in line with rules and regulations.

In this case, any adverse impact of the change should also be well taken care of. The statutory requirements should be taken keeping in view the scope of modifications.

The main regulations in this regard are:

ECE R1 & R2- 76/761 EEC

This regulation is for headlamps, both low and high beams along with their bulbs.

ECE R8

Headlamps with lamps of H1 to H11. In these cases, exemptions are with HB4 & HB4 lamps

ECE R20

It considers headlamps with bulbs H4

ECE R48- 76/761/ EEC
ECE R98/99

This is for lamps that discharge gas

ECE R119

This is for cornering lights of the headlamps

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Conformity for Production

The conformity of production shall abide by all the rules in the guidelines.

Headlamps with low beam

The number of the low beams is two.
The width position from the outermost point has to be 400 mm.
The position of the height has to be 500 to 1200 mm, which is allowed in rules. In the case of either low or high beams, the use of auxiliary headlamps is allowed. However, when the mode is changed to a low beam, the high beam should be turned off. The switch of control is a green indicator lamp.

In case of headlamps (both low & high beam) attached with gas discharge lamps, then:

Both headlamp cleaning systems & automatic headlamp levels should also be working.

Headlamps with high beam

The number of beams, in this case, is either two or four.
For width position, there are as such no installation rules and regulations. However, its position should not disturb the driver coming from the opposite side.
Also for height adjustments, there is as such no particular position.

Again for both low and high beams, pair of auxiliary headlamps work. And in the case of a low beam, all high beams should be off.

The switch on control is a blue indicator lamp. The illumination intensity of the high beam should be within 300, 000 candela.

Headlights with Fog Light

The beam has to be either two, white in colour or amber in a lighter tone.

The width of the beam has to be accurate, as such no rules are given for these. However for height adjustment, it has to abide by the ECE regulations. Must not be more than 250mm.

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Maintaining Headlamps with Plastic Cover

Following has to be considered to avoid any damage to the headlamps with plastic cover:

To avoid any scratches on the screen, never apply dry clothes to clean the plastic cover
Any cleaning agent that is aggressive or not suitable can damage the cover permanently
Similarly, any chemical agent that is of the wrong type can also cause damage to the cover
There are certain wattage bulbs, that are not permissible; avoid using those as well
You can use any cleaning agent by mixing it with water on the plastic cover of headlamps. However, before doing that always go through the instructions for the car
It is preferable to use bulbs with Ultraviolet filters for that matter

For 4 different types of headlamps, there are different instructions and modifications. Each type requires unique features that should be taken care of. The type of beam, configuration, and light settings/modifications.

All aspects have to be considered when you plan to apply any change or modification in the headlamp of your car.

In the end, the testing is really essential for any nonconformity could be addressed. This way all accidents could be avoided.

Tests on Complete Headlamps

There are some national and international designs as well as operating regulations. All these regulations are mandatory for handling and testing the headlamps. So conformity of designs with respect to rules is ensured.